Pipes are used in various applications, such as plumbing, heating, and gas systems, and require fittings to connect and join them. Pipe threads are an essential component of pipe fittings that enable them to be securely screwed together. There are different types of pipe threads, each with its unique features, advantages, and applications. In this article, we’ll explore some of the most common types of pipe threads.
NPT (National Pipe Thread)
Plumbing and gas systems commonly use NPT, which is the most widely used type of pipe thread in North America. NPT threads have a tapered shape and are designed to seal by compressing the threads together. NPT threads are available in standard sizes ranging from 1/8″ to 4″, and they require the use of a sealing compound such as Teflon tape or pipe dope to create a secure seal.
BSP (British Standard Pipe)
BSP threads are a standard type of pipe thread used in Europe, Australia, and Asia. BSP threads have a parallel shape and are designed to seal by creating a metal-to-metal contact between the threads. BSP threads are available in standard sizes ranging from 1/8″ to 6″, and they also require the use of a sealing compound to create a secure seal.
Metric Thread
Metric threads are used primarily in Europe and other countries that use the metric system of measurement. Metric threads are measured in millimeters and are available in various pitches and diameters. Metric threads are commonly used in high-pressure hydraulic systems and compressed air systems.
UN/UNF (Unified National/Unified National Fine)
UN/UNF threads are commonly used in the United States in applications such as automotive, aircraft, and military equipment. UN threads are measured in inches and have a constant pitch, while UNF threads have a finer pitch than UN threads. UN/UNF threads are commonly used in applications that require a high degree of precision and strength.
ACME Thread
ACME threads are a type of trapezoidal thread that is commonly used in applications that require high torque or force. ACME threads are used in power transmission, such as lead screws, jack screws, and worm gears. ACME threads have a flat crest and a rounded root, making them stronger and more durable than other types of threads.
JIC (Joint Industry Council)
JIC threads are another type of pipe thread commonly used in hydraulic systems. JIC threads have a 37-degree flare angle and are designed to create a metal-to-metal seal when the flare is compressed against a mating surface. JIC threads are available in standard sizes ranging from 1/8″ to 2″, and they require the use of a sealing compound such as Teflon tape or pipe dope to create a secure seal. JIC threads are known for their reliability and durability in high-pressure applications, making them a popular choice in hydraulic systems for construction, agriculture, and heavy machinery.
Conclusion
When selecting the right type of pipe thread, it’s important to consider the specific application and requirements to ensure that you choose a thread that can handle the necessary pressure and torque. It’s also essential to use the correct tools and techniques when installing pipe fittings to ensure a secure and leak-free connection. By understanding the different types of pipe threads available and their unique features, you can make an informed decision and choose the right thread for your needs.